Urea (also known as Carbamide) is produced naturally by the skin and is part of the essential Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) which regulates skin’s moisture content. Urea is hygroscopic, which means it is able to bind moisture into the outermost layer of skin. It is also keratolytic, meaning helps the skin to get rid of dead skin cells dead skin cells, to make it smooth again, and has anti-itch and anti-microbial properties. As a result, it improves natural exfoliation and soothes and smoothes the skin’s surface. As a substance produced naturally by the skin, Urea is well-tolerated even by dry and sensitive skin. Because all of these effects and very good study data, Urea is the gold standard in treating of dry skin.*

^{* Reference: Augustin M et al., diagnosis and treatment of xerosis cutis – a position paper, JDDG 2019, DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13906}

Healthy skin contains Natural Moisturizing Factors (NMF) which attract and bind in water to the outermost layers of skin, helping to prevent it from drying out and becoming scaly and rough. The NMF present in skin include substances such as amino acids, inorganic salts, Lactate and Urea. The UreaRepair PLUS range replicates the natural composition of NMF in healthy skin, giving dry skin the substances it needs for optimal hydration. 

Panthenol and Dexpanthenol are two names commonly used for the same ingredient. Panthenol converts into Pantothenic Acid (a B Complex Vitamin) in the skin and enhances skin regeneration and repair. When applied regularly, it has been proven to considerably improve symptoms of skin irritation such as dryness, roughness, scaling and redness.

Panthenol/Dexpanthenol is also an effective moisturizer. It improves hydration in the outermost layers of the skin and helps to reduce transepidermal water loss.